Sample Essay

Humanity owes its dominance to its ability to learn. Learning takes place throughout ones life, where each experience and each action teaches man something that he can find useful in the future. As far as training is concerned, it is an aid to learning, where training is done for a purpose, while learning is a lifetime process.

There are various learning theories that have been developed over time. While each has its own characteristics and hypothesis, all aim towards a better understanding of the complex learning process.

There are five basic paradigms for learning, which are behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism, design-based and humanism. (Learning-Theories 2008)

Behaviorism is based on the works of Pavlov for classical conditioning. This theory postulates that learning is a matter of stimulus-response, where a stimulus provided to garner a particular response is learnt through conditioning and by association of that stimulus to a particular required response.

Cognitivism, on the other hand views humans as active rather than passive learners, a view proposed by the behaviorists. This school of thought focuses on the black box of the mind which is like the processor and plays an active role in learning through various mental processes.

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